Expression of DNA Gyrase at mRNA Levels and Antibacterial Effect of Fluoroquinolone-Derived Compounds on Two Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis
Published: December 1, 2019 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2019/42907.13332
Shokrollah Assar, Ali Darehkordi, Mohammad Moradi, Mahmood Sheikh Fathollahi, Soudeh Khanamani Falahati Pour, Gholamhossein Hassanshahi
1. Department of Microbiology, Molecular Medicine Research Centre, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
2. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Vali-e-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Iran.
3. Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
4. Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, Occupational Environment Research Centre, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
5. Pistachio Safety Research Centre, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
6. Department of Immunology, Molecular Medicine Research Centre, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.
Correspondence
Gholamhossein Hassanshahi,
Professor, Department of Immunology, Molecular Medicine Research Centre, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Kerman, Iran.
E-mail: ghassanshahi@gmail.com
Introduction: Fluoroquinolones are a form of antibiotics capable of influencing DNA Gyrase of bacteria. Any alteration in the structure of current fluoroquinolone antibacterials may provide a better effect on the growth inhibition of bacteria.
Aim: To assess the probable anti-bacterial activity of two fluoroquinolone derivatives on Staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) and Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis).
Materials and Methods: The inhibitory effect of two synthetic derivatives of fluoroquinolones, N-4-methyl (phenyl) -2,2,2-trifluoroacetimidoyl ciprofloxacin (C1), and N-4-methyl (phenyl) -2,2,2-trifluoroacetimidoyl norfloxacin (C2), was measured by Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) using Broth Microdilution (BMD) and disc diffusion methods. Also, by using real-time PCR technique, the influence of C1/C2 was evaluated on DNA gyrase gene expression of S.aureus and E. faecalis and all compared with vancomycin as a control antibiotic. Collected data were analysed by SPSS 18.0 software. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparisons test were used for it.
Results: The findings showed that vancomycin (MIC, 16 µg/mL) has higher antimicrobial activity, especially on E. faecalis, compared to C1 (MIC, 256 µg/mL). The anti-bacterial effect of C2 (MIC, 128 µg/mL) was higher on E. faecalis but no significant effect on S. aureus. (p<0.05). In addition, the results of gene expression alterations showed that the C1 reduced the gene expression of DNA gyrase in tested bacteria, but not significant in comparison to control (p<0.05). C2 reduced the gene expression of DNA gyrase in both bacteria and it was significant for E. faecalis (p<0.01).
Conclusion: Because of bacterial growth inhibition characteristic, C2 possibly may be used as an alternative antibiotic to control infection caused by E. faecalis.
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